Of the three ethical and philosophical works that historical tradition associates with the name and range of ideas of Aristotle, the authorship of the Nicomachean Ethics is the least doubted by modern scholars. In this treatise, devoted to the consideration of the moral problems of the individual and society and the substantiation of the principle of rational behavior and moderation, one of the greatest ancient Greek thinkers poses and comprehensively analyzes the most important questions of human existence: What is good? What is happiness? What is virtue? What are right and justice? How does justice differ from fairness? How is the soul structured? And why does a philosopher need a friend? The book contains extensive commentary and indexes; the translation of the Nicomachean Ethics by N.V. Braginskaya is presented in a new edition, with corrections.